What Happens Next If Your Student Loans Are Forgiven? - NerdWallet (2024)

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Once your federal student loans are forgiven through one of the existing discharge programs, you can finally exhale and relax those long-burdened shoulders. But after the relief passes, what happens next?

Here’s what you can expect:

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What Happens Next If Your Student Loans Are Forgiven? - NerdWallet (1)

You’ll be notified or see a $0 balance

You will receive notification of your loan discharge via email, mail and/or your online loan servicing account (depending how your communication preferences are set). It will also be reflected when you log in to the Federal Student Aid site using your FSA ID. When you log in to your accounts, your balance should be $0.

From this point on, your days of making monthly student loan payments are over.

That is, unless, only a portion of your debt is canceled. If you still owe a remaining balance, you will still continue to owe monthly payments.

» MORE: Student loan forgiveness: What's getting fixed?

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You could get a refund

Loan discharge has additional results:

  • You could get a refund. Depending on the type of discharge you receive, you could receive a refund of some or all payments you made on the loan.

  • Negative marks on your credit could disappear. Any adverse record on your credit history (such as delinquency or default) could be wiped clean, depending on the type of discharge you had.

  • You could regain eligibility for federal student aid. Default disqualifies borrowers from receiving federal student aid. If cancellation wipes your default, you would be eligible again for financial aid.

» MORE: Will student loans be canceled? Where we stand

Your credit score could dip slightly

When your student loan is at “paid off” status, either through making a last payment or through debt cancellation, you could see a minor ding to your credit score. It seems counterintuitive; shouldn’t getting rid of debt be good for your credit?

But student loans are considered installment loans — loans in a set amount you pay off over time with interest — similar to auto loans or home loans. The U.S. credit system rewards you for having a mix of credit types. When you eliminate an account (like a student loan), it signals you no longer have an installment loan account in the mix.

Even though your credit score could temporarily decrease, not having student debt is ultimately beneficial for your credit history; having a debt paid off shows you’re a reliable borrower.

Paying off a loan isn’t reflected in your credit scores. But it does improve your overall financial picture by reducing your debt-to-income ratio. That may help you qualify for or get a better rate on a home or auto purchase.

You can check all three major credit bureaus’ reports each week for free indefinitely, or you can check a free credit report from TransUnion through NerdWallet as often as you like.

Tax implications are unlikely

Most loan forgiveness is not taxed. This includes:

  • Public Service Loan Forgiveness.

  • Borrower defense to repayment discharge.

  • Closed school discharge.

  • Total and permanent disability discharge.

Debt forgiven through income-driven repayment forgiveness — which is automatic after 20 or 25 years of repayment, or as early as 10 years on the SAVE plan — is usually considered taxable income. But as part of the March 2021 American Rescue Plan, all forgiveness will be tax-free through the end of 2025.

If this temporary condition is not extended, all income-driven repayment forgiveness after Dec. 31, 2025, will be taxed. If this happens, you must report any canceled debt as income on your tax return.

Not all states are following suit with temporary tax-free loan forgiveness. So while you may not owe taxes on a federal level, you may still have to pay state income tax depending on where you live.

Borrowers in Indiana, Mississippi, North Carolina and Wisconsin can expect to pay state income taxes on some forgiven federal student loans, according to analysis from the Tax Foundation, a tax policy think tank based in Washington, D.C.

If your student loans are forgiven, you’ll receive a cancellation of debt form, known as Form 1099-C, to use when filing taxes. This will indicate whether the amount forgiven is considered taxable.

Get the scoop on student loans

Stay up to date on how student loan forgiveness and repayment may affect your finances.

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What Happens Next If Your Student Loans Are Forgiven? - NerdWallet (8)

You can prioritize other financial goals

With student loans in the rearview, high-income earners will have the most financial options. But the lack of a student loan payment is a welcome change to any budget.

Plan to first use the money you usually put toward student loans on essentials. After that, you can expedite life choices you may have previously delayed such as:

  • Building an emergency savings fund.

  • Saving for retirement.

  • Starting to invest.

  • Buying a house or renovating the one you have.

  • Moving to a new area.

  • Pursuing necessary or elective medical treatment.

  • Making a career change.

  • Buying a car.

  • Starting a small business.

  • Getting married.

  • Having children.

  • Taking a vacation.

What Happens Next If Your Student Loans Are Forgiven? - NerdWallet (2024)

FAQs

What happens after my student loans are forgiven? ›

If you qualify for forgiveness, cancellation, or discharge of the full amount of your loan, you won't have to make any more payments on that loan. If you qualify for forgiveness, cancellation, or discharge of a part of your loan, you'll need to pay back the remaining balance.

Will my credit score go up if my student loans are forgiven? ›

As long as your loans were in good standing at the time they were discharged and your accounts are being reported properly to the credit reporting bureaus, you won't see a huge difference in your score. On the other hand, you could see your score drop if your account wasn't in good standing prior to the discharge.

What would happen if all student loans were forgiven? ›

Long term, a reduction in student loan debt could help improve the formation of small businesses and households, as well as spur an increase in homeownership. Blanket student loan debt forgiveness would mostly benefit people who would have likely paid off their loans over the long term.

Will I get money back from student loan forgiveness? ›

If you qualify for student loan forgiveness or discharge in full, and have applied if necessary in your case, you will get a notification and will no longer need to make payments. In some cases, you may even get a refund, depending on the program you applied under.

Will I be notified if my student loan is forgiven? ›

Your student loan servicer(s) will notify you directly after your forgiveness is processed.

What happens when student loans are discharged? ›

you no longer have further obligation to repay the loan, you will receive a reimbursem*nt of payments made voluntarily or through forced collection, and. the discharge will be reported to credit bureaus to delete any adverse credit history associated with the loan.

Will taxes go up if student loans are forgiven? ›

Prices went up in April, but inflation still cooled

In 2021, as part of the American Rescue Plan, Congress temporarily changed the law so that student loan forgiveness is not considered taxable income.

Why did my student loans disappear from my credit report? ›

There are specific situations when a student loan can be removed from a credit report and nearly all of them are related to inaccuracies. Some examples of inaccurate information include: Missed or late payments (either during regular repayment periods or forbearance and deferment) Student loan default.

Why do my student loans say paid in full? ›

You may notice your former servicer has cleared your loan account. For example, your loan balance may come up as “paid in full” on your former servicer's website or on your credit report. This does not mean you've received loan forgiveness. This is part of the loan transfer process.

What are the disadvantages of forgiving student debt? ›

Opponents contend that the cost of such forgiveness would be much higher than the benefit to the economy, would disproportionately benefit higher-income Americans, and would only offer a temporary reprieve before total outstanding student debt rose again.

Why is the student loan forgiveness not a good thing? ›

Not only is it regressive, it also provides colleges and universities with precisely the wrong incentives. When students don't have to pay back the money they borrow to pay for college, colleges don't have any reason to keep prices low.

What would student loan forgiveness do to the economy? ›

Student loan debt slows new business growth and limits consumer spending. Broad student loan debt forgiveness may help boost the national economy by making it more affordable for borrowers to participate in it.

Why did I get a check for student loan refund? ›

A refund check is money that is directly deposited to you by your college. It is the excess money left over from your financial aid award after your tuition and additional fees have been paid. Your college may send you a check or the money may be deposited into your checking account.

Why did I get a student loan refund check in 2024? ›

Borrowers who reach forgiveness under the account adjustment will get an email notification by the end of 2023; all other borrowers will be notified in 2024. So if you requested a refund, but you've been in repayment for at least 20 to 25 years, you may be free from your student debt — including the refunded amount.

Does loan forgiveness affect credit score? ›

How Student Loan Forgiveness Affects a Credit Score. Credit mix: Those who qualify for loan forgiveness may see a score drop by a few points if the loan was the only installment loan because a credit mix, which shows multiple forms of credit, accounts for 10% of a FICO Score.

What happens if student loan debt is cancelled? ›

Canceling student loan debt may add up to 1.5 million new jobs. Each time a consumer's student debt-to-income ratio increases by 1%, their consumption declines by as much as 3.7%. Debt forgiveness could potentially increase consumer spending by as much as 3.3%.

Can I go back to school after loan forgiveness? ›

Yes. You can decline an in-school deferment on your loans that are in repayment status and make qualifying payments on those loans while you are in school. In this case, you must contact your servicer and request that the in-school deferment be removed.

Who pays for student loan debt if they are forgiven? ›

However , when student loans are forgiven , it means that the borrower is no longer responsible for paying back the remaining balance of their loan . Instead , it is the responsibility of the government or a specific program to cover the cost of the loan .

Why did my student loans disappear? ›

Student loans disappear from credit reports 7.5 years from the date they are paid in full, charged-off, or entered default. Education debt can reappear if you dig out of default with consolidation or loan rehabilitation. Student loans can have an outsized impact on your credit score.

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